What is Gout?

Gout, the disease of kings, is a variant of arthritis caused by very high levels of uric acid. An acute attack of gout is a very painful disease. We give you the keys to its prevention. Gout is a form of arthritis that occurs as a result of elevated levels of uric acid, which crystallizes and deposits in the joints. It occurs most frequently in men between 30 and 50 years of age. In women it is exceptional before menopause. There is also a familial predisposition. Three evolutionary phases can be distinguished: hyperuricemia (high levels of uric acid in the blood), acute gout attack and chronic gout. However, not everyone with hyperuricemia will necessarily develop gout.

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Symptoms of this Disease

It is important to point out that all the signs and symptoms of gout will be experienced in an unexpected and fulminant way.

Well, having made this small clarification about Gout, we will indicate what are the main symptoms:

The most characteristic or the most striking symptom is the pain experienced. This pain is very intense.
Gout usually affects only one joint, which is usually the first toe, that is, the big toe.

But this does not mean that other joints are exempt from being affected. Other joints where gout can also appear are: the hands, more specifically in the wrists and fingers. The knees and elbows.

This pain when it appears is almost always nocturnal and patients describe it as an intense and unbearable pain.
Usually this intense pain usually lasts about 12 hours.

With gout attacks, the appearance of the joint is altered. Usually the joint is swollen and reddened. In addition, the joint has an increased temperature.

When the joint is swollen, there will be certain limitations to movement.

When the attack of gout is important, the patient may even develop fever or some fever.

In some cases when the attack of gout is considerable, small lumps may appear under the joint. These lumps correspond to an important accumulation of crystals and this is known by the name of tophi. These small prominences are very easy to palpate.

As mentioned above, gout attacks occur suddenly. The duration of this crisis can vary, but usually lasts a few days.

This does not mean that this crisis stays here, since it can trigger a series of crises that can vary in time. But over the course of a year the patient may suffer several crises. The intensity, the duration and the distance between attack and attack of gout will be proportionally equivalent to the amount of uric acid present in the blood.

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Treatment of Gout

The acute attack of gout is treated with colchicine or anti-inflammatory drugs. These medications should always be prescribed by the physician. It is also advisable to rest and to ensure an abundant intake of liquids.

Once the attack has passed, a maintenance treatment should be followed. There are medications that reduce uric acid production and others that increase its elimination. Your doctor will prescribe the one that is most indicated in your particular case. It is also recommended to avoid alcohol intake (which can precipitate an acute crisis in a person already suffering from gout).

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What can be done to prevent Gout?

People with hyperuricemia, i.e. high levels of uric acid, should adapt their eating habits, avoiding as far as possible the intake of foods rich in purines, the metabolism of which generates uric acid.

As a general rule, it is advisable to moderate the consumption of meat and fish.

Foods with a high purine content include offal products (liver, sweetbreads, kidneys, brains), meat extracts, game, goose and pork, certain fish (sardines, herring, anchovies and salmon, among others), lentils, beans and spinach.

Moderate purine content is found in beef and lamb, rabbit, ham, chicken, turkey and duck, as well as shellfish and crustaceans, asparagus, cauliflower and mushrooms.

Foods that contain hardly any purines include vegetables, fruits, milk, cheese, eggs, rice and other cereals, as well as pasta, potatoes, bread, honey or jam.

Please note, however, that if you have other problems (such as hyperlipidemia or diabetes) the dietary recommendations may be different. Consult your doctor if in doubt.

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